Silicon alloy steel with a silicon content of 1.0-4.5% and a carbon content of less than 0.08% is called silicon steel. It has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, low coercive force, and large resistivity, so the hysteresis loss and eddy current loss are small. It is mainly used as a magnetic material in motors, transformers, electrical appliances, and electrical instruments. In order to meet the needs of punching and shearing when manufacturing electrical appliances, a certain degree of plasticity is also required.
One of the common silicon steel processing technologies is metal slitting machine equipment and metal cut-to-length line equipment, which can accurately slit and cut silicon steel coils according to customer needs for secondary processing and production of silicon steel.
In order to improve the magnetic induction performance and reduce the hysteresis loss, the content of harmful impurities is required to be as low as possible, and the plate shape is required to be flat and the surface quality is good.
Performance characteristics
Silicon steel uses core loss (referred to as iron loss) and magnetic induction intensity (referred to as magnetic induction) as the magnetic guarantee value of the product. Low silicon steel loss can save a lot of electricity, extend the working time of motors and transformers, and simplify the cooling system. The power loss caused by silicon steel loss accounts for 2.5% to 4.5% of the annual power generation, of which transformer iron loss accounts for about 50%, 1 to 100kW small motors account for about 30%, and fluorescent lamp ballasts account for about 15%.
Silicon steel has high magnetic induction, which reduces the excitation current of the iron core and saves electric energy. The high magnetic induction of silicon steel can make the designed maximum magnetic induction (Bm) high, the iron core small and light, saving silicon steel, wires, insulation materials and structural materials, etc., which not only reduces the loss and manufacturing cost of motors and transformers, but also facilitates assembly and transportation. The motor with a core stacked by toothed circular punching sheets works in a running state.
The silicon steel plate is required to be magnetically isotropic and made of non-oriented silicon steel. The transformer with a core stacked by strips or wound by strips works in a static state and is made of cold-rolled oriented silicon steel with large magnetic anisotropy. In addition, silicon steel is required to have good punching and shearing properties, a smooth and flat surface and uniform thickness, a good insulating film and small magnetic aging.
Classification
According to the manufacturing process and purpose, electrical steel is divided into three categories: hot-rolled silicon steel, cold-rolled electrical steel and special-purpose silicon steel.
Hot rolled silicon steel (non-oriented)
1. Hot-rolled low silicon steel (motor steel)
Silicon content/%：1.0～2.5
Nominal thickness/mm：0.5
The main purpose：Household motors and micromotors
2. Hot-rolled high silicon steel (transformer steel)
Silicon content/%：3.0～4.5
Nominal thickness/mm：0.35、0.50
The main purpose：Transformer
Cold-rolled electrical steel
1. Cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel (motor steel)
Low-carbon electrical steel
≤0.5
0.50, 0.65
Household motors, micromotors, small transformers and ballasts
Silicon steel
>0.5～3.5
0.35, 0.50
Large and medium-sized motors, generators and transformers
2. Cold-rolled oriented silicon steel (transformer steel)
Ordinary oriented silicon steel
2.9～3.3
0.18, 0.23, 0.27
0.30, 0.35
Large, medium and small transformers and ballasts
High magnetic induction oriented silicon steel
Silicon steel for special purposes:
1. Cold-rolled oriented silicon steel strip
2. Cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel strip
3. Cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel for magnetic switches
4. Cold-rolled high silicon steel
